Jeep History

[72 Virginians]

1959-1962 M422



The Mighty Mite was designed by the Mid-America Research Corporation, as a combat vehicle suitable for airlifting and manhandling. It was originally prototyped starting in 1946, and was further developed during the fifties by a team including four of the original Bantam developers. Starting in 1959 some 3,922 were built by American Motors for the U.S. Marine Corps. The M422's unique features included aluminum body, differential-mounted brakes, and an AMC V-4 air-cooled engine. At over $5000 per unit it was relatively expensive, which may account for the small production total.


1959-1978 M151



Tested and protoyped by Ford through most of the fifties, the M151 MUTT ("Military Unit Tactical Truck") went into production in 1959 and became the principal combat Jeep of the Vietnam era. It was produced by Kaiser Jeep, AM General and General Motors, as well as Ford. It had a four wheel independent suspension of unsophisticated design which was responsible for somewhat unstable behavior on bends -- the later A2 version adopted a semi-independent rear suspension to improve stability. There was also an M718 ambulance version with a rear body extension. The M151 was thought dangerous for civilian use on the road, so the Army used surplus MUTTs for parts, and the stripped vehicles had the frame and rear suspension cut before being offered for sale as scrap metal.

[72 Virginians]

1960-1968 M606



The little-known M606 was basically the CJ-3B straight off the assembly line, with the available heavy-duty options such as larger tires and springs, and a few special-duty add-ons including blackout lamp on the left front fender, blackout tail-light covers, and trailer hitch. The M606 used the standard F-head four-cylinder, and although it had its own Kaiser model number, serial numbers were in the regular CJ-3B series. The CJ-3B had been employed by the U.S. military mainly in non-combat roles such as Navy Shore Patrol, but the M606 designation was apparently used only for units exported as military aid in the 1960's. The exact year the designation was first used is unknown.

[72 Virginians]

1963-1991 Wagoneer/Cherokee/Grand Wagoneer



Jeep's SJ platform was part of the "FSJ" or full-size Jeep lineup. According to the International Full Size Jeep Association, an "FSJ" is any vehicle produced in North America, carrying the "Jeep" nameplate, with 2 or 4 doors, in rear or four wheel drive, whose wheelbase does not exceed 132 in, nor is less than 109 in, and whose tread width is no more than 67 in nor less than 57 in. This definition is known to include the following models:

* 1963-1983 Jeep Wagoneer
* 1974-1983 Jeep Cherokee
* 1984-1992 Jeep Grand Wagoneer
* 1963-1971 Jeep Gladiator
* 1972-1988 Jeep Honcho/J-Truck
* 1967-1969 Jeep M-715/724/725/726/6217 military versions

The Wagoneer was the first of a series of Full Size Jeeps (SJ) Introduced by Willys. From 1963 through 1983, the Wagoneer name plate was used on the full size wagons and went from Willys, to Kaiser, to AMC ownership. When the smaller XJ Wagoneer (1984-2001 Cherokee body design) was introduced, the Full Size Wagoneer name was changed to Grand Wagoneer. In 1987 Jeep was bought by Chrysler Corporation. During the Wagoneer production era, there were a variety of different models including 2 Door models with glass or metal panels, Wagoneer Custom, Super Wagoneer and Wagoneer Limited to name a few. Most the Grand Wagoneer's have the full side wood grain applied. There were some exceptions to this with special orders. The basic Wagoneer body went unchanged through all production years. This and the following pages show samples of sales literature and pictures of the classic Wagoneers still on the road and trail today...

There were some cosmetic changes to the grill design over the years. The 1963 through 1966 Wagoneers had a small grill inserted in the front valance that is more commonly known today in FSJ circles as the "Rhino" grill. The new Super Wagoneer introduced in 1966 was the only Wagoneers with the new Razor style grill. Beginning in 1967, the whole Wagoneer line adopted the full width Razor grill with exception of the 2 door Panel, which retained the Rhino grill. The Razor grill was used into the early 1970 models. During the 1970 model year another grill style was introduced to differentiate the Wagoneer from the J-Trucks which had also adopted the Razor style grill that year. The grill introduced on the 1970 Wagoneers has recently adopted the "Cheese Grater" style name and was used through the 1973 model. From 1974 through the 1978 model year, the grille had same basic frame, but with a plastice grill insert known as the "Egg Crate" style. In 1979 AMC introduced one piece bumpers and square headlights for a whole new face lift on the Wagoneer. The grill had horizontal chrome lines and has a name not worth mentioning here. This grill was also used on the Cherokees and JTrucks in 1979 and 80. In 1981, JTrucks and Cherokees got the vertical bars back in the grill, which is known as the "Muscle" design. Wagoneers had the same grill as in 1979 through the 1985 model year as the classic Wagoneer body design transitioned to the Grand Wagoneer. The 1984 Grand Wagoneer also changed in the rear and adopted the 1983 Cherokee style taillights. From 1986 to the last Grand Wagoneer made in 1991, the grill frame was similar to the JTrucks and has horizontal lines with much less chrome. The following pictures depict the different styles.

1963-1966:


1967-1970:


1970-1973:


1974-1978:


1979-1985:


1986-1991:

[72 Virginians]

1963:


1969:


1972:


1975:


1978:


1983:


1987:


1991:

[72 Virginians]

The Wagoneer, powered by the first modern mass-produced overhead-cam six-cylinder truck engine known as the "Tornado-OHC" six, could also be had with an industry first automatic transmission on a four-wheel-drive vehicle and independent front suspension. It was offered in two and four-wheel-drive versions.

The second-generation Wagoneer also included a Super Wagoneer Station Wagon that featured three-tone body striping, vinyl roof, chrome roof rack, full wheel hubcaps and white-walled tires. The Super Wagoneer came with four-wheel drive and power supplied from a 327-cubic inch V8 engine, and said Kaiser Jeep, "constituted a unique and dramatic approach to the station wagon market ... designed for the prestige buyer who is rapidly becoming aware of the advantages of four-wheel drive. While being the ultimate in detailed elegance, the new vehicle still has all the traditional versatility and ability of Jeep vehicles to go on-or off-road."

The Jeep Wagoneer for 1972 included the biggest standard engine in the 4WD station wagon field — a 258-cubic-inch AMC-built OHV 6-cylinder. In 1974, the Cherokee became the two-door version of the Wagoneer, and there was also the larger Custom Wagoneer. A four door model of the Cherokee was available by 1977.

Also introduced to the Wagoneer line during the ’70s was Quadra-Trac®, an automatic full-time 4WD system. This was another industry first.

The SJ series Jeep Cherokee was a full-size SUV produced from 1974 through 1983 by the Jeep division of the American Motors Corporation. It was similar to the Wagoneer. Other than the base model, the trim levels of the Cherokee included the S (Sport), Chief, Golden Eagle, Limited, Classic, Sport, Pioneer, and Laredo. It was designed by Brooks Stevens.

The Cherokee was a redesigned reintroduction of a two door body style, with a single fixed rear side window with an optional flip-out section. Previously, a two door version had been available in the Jeep Wagoneer line (1963–67), although this had the same window configuration as the four door Wagoneer. Based on the Wagoneer, the Cherokee was marketed as the "sporty" two-door variant of Jeep's station wagon. When it was equipped with the torquey 6.6liter V8, it would out-run just about any other 4x4 in its class, and, with 3.07:1 highway gearing, could reach speeds in excess of 100mph (early models had 120mph speedometers). A four-door was not added to the lineup until 1977. Engine choices consisted of AMC I6 or V8 powerplants. The Cherokee was marketed in left and right hand drive countries (such as the UK and Australia). Main production of the Cherokee was in Toledo, Ohio.

A range of AMC engines were offered: the 258-cubic inch (4.2 L) inline six-cylinder, a two-barrel 360-cubic inch (5.9 L) V8, a four-barrel 360, or the 401-cubic inch (6.6 L) V8. The durable 401 V8 had a forged crankshaft and forged connecting rods, as well as the high nickel content block of the other AMC V8s. The 401 was discontinued at the end of 1978. A T-18/T-18a four speed manual gearbox was standard for all years, while through 1979 the General Motors TH400, more commonly fitted to 3/4- and 1-ton trucks rather than SUVs, was optional. For comparison, the Chevy Blazer used the TH350 lighter duty automatic. After 1979, the TH400 was replaced by the Chrysler 727.

A gear-driven Dana 20 transfer case with 2.03:1 low range was standard with the manual gearbox (which had a much lower first gear of about 6.3:1), while the TH400 automatics received the permanent four-wheel drive QuadraTrac system. The chain-driven, aluminum QuadraTrac was quite advanced at the time.[citation needed] It included a center differential lock, which other full-time four-wheel drive systems at the time lacked (as do many today). The transfer case was offset, allowing it to sit just above the frame to avoid obstacles, and the chain itself is larger than nearly any other.[citation needed] A test by the Four-Wheel Drive Book[1] found that the Cherokee was the only vehicle unable to be dynoed because the transfer case would not allow the rear wheels to spin, unlike the other full-time four-wheel drive vehicles being tested. In the off-road test, the same held true. This transfer case was also employed successfully in Baja races, for example by Roger Mears in the Baja 1000.[citation needed] A 2.57:1 low range was optional on QuadraTrac.

In 1975, the Cherokee Chief package was introduced. Aside from trim changes, this model received larger fenders and wider axles. This allowed 31" tires to be fitted from the factory to further improve off-road ability. Four-door models were not available with "wide-track" axles.

Dana 44 model axles were used both in the front and the rear at least through 1979. Brake hardware was mostly General Motors equipment, with disc brakes up front (optional on earlier models) and drum brakes in the rear.

All Cherokees had semi-elliptical leaf springs in the front and rear.

1974:


1976:


1977 Cherokee Chief:


1979:




1980:


1983:


The Willys and Kaiser years

Conceived in the early 1960s while Willys Motors was owned by Kaiser Industries, the Wagoneer replaced the original Jeep station wagon, which dated to 1946. With competition from the Big Three advancing on Jeep's four-wheel-drive market, Willys management decided that a new and more advanced vehicle was needed.

The new 1963 Wagoneer, like its long-lived predecessor (which would, in fact, be sold alongside its replacement in the U.S. until 1965), was designed by industrial designer Brooks Stevens. Willys' engineering staff, under the direction of A.C. Sampietro, handled the technical development. The cost of development was around US$20 million.[2]

The original Wagoneer was a full-size, body-on-frame vehicle which shared its architecture with the Jeep Gladiator pickup truck. It was originally available in two and four-door body styles, with the two-door also available as a panel truck with windowless sides behind the doors and double "barn doors" in the rear instead of the usual tailgate and roll-down rear window.

Early Wagoneers were powered by Willys' new "Tornado" SOHC 230 cu in (3.8 L) six-cylinder engine, which had debuted in 1962 as an option for Jeep's older-style station wagons. The engine developed 140 hp (104 kW) and was noted for being quite fuel-efficient for its day. However, the engine was not without its problems; cooling issues were fairly common. And, in higher-altitude locales, "pinging" was a problem, leading the company to introduce a lower-compression version of the Tornado that developed 133 hp (99 kW) for 1964.

1963-1964

In early 1963, Willys Motors changed its name to Kaiser Jeep Corporation. This was to associate Jeep in the public consciousness with Kaiser's family of companies, said company president Steven Girard. Early Wagoneers were powered by Willys' new 140 hp (104 kW)"Tornado" SOHC 230 cu in (3.8 L) inline six-cylinder engine, which had debuted in 1962 as an option for Jeep's older-style station wagons. Although quite fuel-efficient for its day, it was prone to cooling problems, and also “pinging" at higher altitudes, which led to the introduction of a lower-compression 133 hp (99 kW) version in 1964.

There were few other changes for 1964, except for the option of factory-installed air conditioning.

1965-1966
Super Wagoneer

For 1965, the Wagoneer, together with the Gladiator pickup truck, was available with the 250 hp (186 kW) 327 cu in (5.4 L) AMC V8 engine, which proved a popular option. In 1966, the Tornado engine was replaced by American Motors' 232 cu in (3.8 L) OHV inline six. According to the automotive press this engine was smooth, powerful, reliable and easily-maintained.[citation needed] 1966 also saw the introduction of the more luxurious Super Wagoneer, initially with a higher-performance 270 hp (201 kW) version of the AMC V8, fitted with a four-barrel carburetor. With comfort and convenience features not found on other vehicles of its type at the time - e.g. push-button radio, seven-position tilt steering wheel, ceiling courtesy lights, air conditioning, power tailgate, power brakes, power steering, and console-shifted TH400 automatic transmission – the Super Wagoneer is now widely regarded as the precursor of today's luxury SUVs. It was made through 1969.

1967-1971

Two-wheel drive models, which the four-wheel-drives had outsold from the beginning, were discontinued after the 1967 model year, and at the end of 1968 the slow-selling two-door versions were also discontinued. For 1968 through 1971 Wagoneers were powered by Buick’s 350 cu in (5.7 L) 230 hp (172 kW) Dauntless V8. The Buick made less horsepower than the previous AMC V8 (230 hp vs. 250), but more torque at lower rpm (350 foot-pounds force (470 N·m) at 2400 rpm vs. 340 ft·lbf (460 N·m) at 2600), and it had 5 main bearings instead of the AMC’s 4. From 1971, following AMC’s acquisition of Jeep, Wagoneers reverted to AMC power.

The AMC years

In early 1970 American Motors acquired Jeep and set about refining and upgrading the range. AMC also improved manufacturing efficiency and lowered costs by incorporating shared components such as engines. Reducing noise, vibration and harshness improved the Wagoneer driving experience. The outsourced Buick 350 was replaced by the 360 cu in (5.9 L) AMC V8, and later the 401 cu in (6.6 L) was made available. The innovative Quadra-Trac full-time four-wheel-drive system, which broadened the appeal of Jeep products to people who wanted four-wheel-drive traction without the inconvenience of a manual-shift transfer case and manual locking hubs, was introduced in 1973. In 1974 AMC resurrected the two-door Wagoneer as the Cherokee. This replaced the Jeepster Commando, whose sales had not met expectations despite an extensive 1972 revamp. The Cherokee appealed to a younger market than the Wagoneer, which was regarded more as a family SUV.

There were few styling changes during this time. However after introducing the Cherokee, AMC began to move the Wagoneer upmarket, culminating in the 1978 Wagoneer Limited, which brought critical acclaim[citation needed] and high demand from a new market segment. The Limited, more luxuriously equipped than the earlier Super Wagoneer, offered air conditioning, power-adjustable seats, power door locks, power windows, tilt steering wheel, cruise control, leather upholstery, plush carpeting and “wood grain” trim on the body sides. Even though the US$10,500 suggested retail price was in luxury Cadillac territory,[citation needed] the Limited’s high-level specification attracted buyers and sales were strong. With the V8s the primary choice among Wagoneer buyers, the 258 cu in (4.2 L) six-cylinder engine was dropped in the 1970s, only to return as an option when Jeep sales – particularly of the high-volume Cherokee – were hit by the 1979 fuel crisis. (The Wagoneer continued to sell relatively well.[citation needed]) When reintroduced, the engine came with manual transmission as standard equipment, but in 1983 automatic transmission with “Selec-Trac” four-wheel drive became standard. With this combination the Wagoneer achieved EPA fuel-consumption estimates of 18 mpg-US (13 L/100 km/22 mpg-imp) city and 25 mpg-US (9.4 L/100 km/30 mpg-imp) highway – outstanding for a full-size SUV.[3] This allowed the company to advertise good fuel mileage, although the more powerful 360 V8 remained popular with certain buyers despite its greater thirst for fuel.

The Chrysler years

Despite its advancing age the Grand Wagoneer remained popular. Instrument panel, grille, and taillamps were redesigned for 1986, followed by minor revision to the woodgrained sides in 1987, the year that ownership of the company passed to Chrysler Corporation. Chrysler largely left the Grand Wagoneer alone, and even continued to build the Grand Wagoneer with the carbureted AMC V8 instead of its own (and, arguably, more modern[citation needed]) fuel-injected V8s. Year-to-year changes were minimal; Chrysler added new features such as an overhead console taken from Chrysler's popular minivans and a rear-window wiper/washer system for 1989, but otherwise new model years through 1991 were marked only by new paint colors.

End of the line

By the time production of the Grand Wagoneer ended, Jeep's flagship model contained parts from all of the Big Three automakers and those "adopted" by Chrysler from AMC: Chrysler transmissions (the A727 automatic), GM steering columns, light switches, and transmissions (Turbo-Hydramatic 400 during the 1970s), Ford carburetors and electronic engine controls, and AMC engine (the 360 V8).

The final 1,560 SJ Grand Wagoneers were produced in the 1991 model year. Each had a "Final Edition" badge on the dashboard. There have been (4) documented 1992 Grand Wagoneers, making these the most rare.

Grand Wagoneer parts, service and accessories are still available from various suppliers.

[72 Virginians]

1963-1971 Gladiator


The Jeep Gladiator was a full-size pickup truck based on the SJ Jeep Wagoneer SUV. It was introduced in 1962. Gladiator designations were: J200 for short wheelbase trucks up to mid 1965 followed by J2000; J300 for long wheelbase trucks up to mid 1965 followed by J3000; and J4000 which was the first model with the longer 131-inch (3,300 mm) wheelbase.

Gladiators were available in RWD and 4WD with a solid front axle or independent front suspension, with the optional dual rear wheels in configurations such as cab and chassis, wrecker, stake bed, and chassis mounted campers with extended wheelbases (see the Dually Registry listed in the links below for more information). Variations on the bed were: Townside, Thriftside (a "stepside"), and stakebed. The Gladiator name was dropped after 1971, after which the line was known simply as the Jeep pickup with J2000 and J4000 models until 1973 then J10 and J20 from 1974 to 1988. Military versions of the Jeep pickup included the M715 and M725.

[72 Virginians]

1965-1975 DJ-5



The two-wheel drive DJ-5 Dispatcher 100, almost identical to the CJ-5 but using a Dana 27 rear axle, finally replaced the DJ-3A Dispatcher in 1965. The F-head engine was standard, with the V6 optional in some years. The Dispatcher 100 used a column-shift T-96 and later a floor shift. An I-beam front axle was replaced with a tubular unit in 1968, and the Dana 44 replaced the Dana 27 in the rear in 1969.

[IMG]http://jeep-parts.uneedapart.com/images/jeep-dj5-parts.jpg[/



1965-1973 DJ-6



The longer-wheelbase DJ-6 version of the two-wheel drive DJ-5 Dispatcher 100, was produced in small numbers from 1965-1973

[72 Virginians]

1966-1971 Jeepster Commando C101


The Jeepster was revived in 1966 in the form of the Jeepster Commando ("C101"). The F-head Hurricane straight-4 was used (a direct descendant of the original Go Devil engine) and four-wheel drive was finally added. This engine produced 75 horsepower (56 kW) at 4000 rpm and 114 lb·ft (155 N·m) of torque at 2000 rpm. The 160 horsepower (119 kW) Dauntless V6 was optional and preferred with its 235 lb·ft (319 N·m) of torque. A total of 57,350 Kaiser-spec "C101" Jeepster Commandos were sold between 1966 and 1971.

There are several unique body styles of the Jeepster Commando: Station wagon/SUV, Convertible, Pickup, and roadster. One unusual offering was the deluxe station wagon, with sliding rear windows and full interior trim. In rare cases, these models were finished with a two-tone exterior.

The 1971 Hurst Jeepster built with modifications by Hurst Performance is possibly the scarcest model of all production Jeeps.Standard equipment included a Champagne White exterior with red and blue stripes, a roof rack, a sports steering wheel, and Goodyear G70 x 15 raised white letter tires mounted on wider steel wheels. Hurst equipment included special exterior insignia, an 8,000-rpm tachometer on the back of the hood scoop in the driver's line of sight, as well as a Hurst T-handle shifter on manual-transmission cars or a console-mounted Hurst Dual-Gate shifter with the optional automatic transmission.

The convertible came in three types: Revival Jeepster, Commando convertible, and an open body roadster with no top at all. The Revival Jeepster was the showcase vehicle of the fleet, offering deluxe interior appointments, powered convertible top, and a Continental tire kit. The Commando convertible offered the same body with just the basic finish and equipment.

Engines:

* 1966-1971 - F134 Hurricane I4 —134.2 CID (2,199 cc)[1], 75 hp (55 kW) and 114 ft·lbf (154 N·m)
* 1966-1971 - Dauntless 225 V6—225.3 CID (3,692 cc), 3.75 in (95 mm) bore, 3.40 in (86 mm) stroke, 160 hp (119 kW) and 235 ft·lbf (318 N·m)

[72 Virginians]

1967-1969 Kaiser M715


The Kaiser Jeep M715 is an American wheeled military vehicle based upon the civilian Jeep Gladiator. In 1965 the design and developing for the M715 began. This was the U.S. Government's first attempt to try a commercial off the shelf truck to be used in a military capacity. The U.S. Government purchased these trucks to replace the M37. Between 1967 and 1969 over 33,000 trucks were produced at the Toledo, Ohio plant. The M715 was considered by the U.S. Government to be underpowered compared to the M37 it replaced. Kia is currently designing an M715-type vehicle named the KM450 for the South Korean Army on license from the U.S. Government. India's Tatra/Vectra is also entering an M715 type vehicle as a candidate for the Indian Army's LSV requirement.

Jeep M715 Series

M715 Variants include;

* M715 - cargo/troop Carrier
* M724 - cab/chassis
* M725 - ambulance
* M726 - telephone maintenance

The Kaiser provides a couple of wheeled vehicle configurations. These are cargo/troop carrier, ambulances.

* Length: 220 in (5,588 mm)
* Width: 85 in (2,159 mm)
* Weight: 5,180 lb (2,350 kg)
* Height: 95 in (2,413 mm)
* Engine: Inline 6-cyl, 230.5ci overhead camshaft "Tornado"
* Horsepower: 132.5 hp (98.8 kW)
* Transmission: Warner, T-98 four-speed, synchronized
* Transfer case: 2 speed, NP200, 1.91:1 low range
* Axles:
o front: Dana 60
o rear: Dana 70 full-floater
o ratio: 5.87:1
* Electrical system: 24 volt utilizing two 12 volt batteries in series
* Brakes: Hydraulic, 4-wheeled drum
* Fuel type: gas
* Fuel capacity: 28 US gal (106 L/23 imp gal)
* Top Speed: 55 mph (89 km/h)
* Turning Radius: 28 feet (9 m)
* Tires: 9.00 x 16 8-ply

[72 Virginians]

1971-1987 Pickup J10/J20



Contrary to belief among many non-Jeep experts, the Honcho was not the name for Jeep's full size trucks after AMC bought Jeep from Kaiser in 1970. They were sold as the Gladiator for a few more years and after that were known simply as the J-Series trucks.

.The Jeep Honcho was a trim package on the full-size J-Series (J10) pickup truck, and was offered from 1976-1983. It consisted of bold striping and decals, and was offered with factory extras such as the Levi's interior or a roll bar. It was one in a series of special decal packages offered for J-Series trucks in the mid to late 1970's, which included the Golden Eagle[1] and 10-4 which offered an optional CB radio along with the decals. The Honcho package was only available on the sportside (stepside) and short bed trucks. Between 1980 and 1982, only 1264 of the sportside versions were produced.

[72 Virginians]

1971-1973 Jeep Commando C104


The Jeepster name was removed after 1971, but the model remained in production for two more years as the Jeep Commando. In 1972, it received a "conventional" full-width grille (see picture). The Commando had one of three AMC engines, the 232 cu in (3.8 L) or 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC Straight-6 or the 304 cu in (5 L) AMC V8. A total of 20,223 AMC-spec "C104" Jeep Commandos were made in 1972 and 1973.

Engines:

* 1971-1972 - AMC 232 I6— 231.91 CID (3,800.3 cc), 3.750 in (95.3 mm) bore, 3.500 in (88.9 mm) stroke, 100 hp (74 kW) and 185 ft·lbf (250 N·m)
* 1971-1972 - AMC 258 I6—258.08 CID (4,229.2 cc), 3.750 in (95.3 mm) bore, 3.895 in (98.9 mm) stroke
* 1971-1972 - AMC–304 V8—303.92 CID (4,980.3 cc), 3.750 in (95.3 mm) bore, 3.753 in (95.3 mm) stroke

[72 Virginians]

1976-1986 CJ-7


The CJ-7 offered a compromise between the CJ-5 shortie and the long-arm CJ-6. With a 93.4-inch wheelbase, it was just long enough for room and comfort but short enough to get down and dirty on the trail. It has proven a popular rig on all fronts. A total of 379,299 units were built in just 10 years of production; 1976-79 models were available with the hi-po 304 AMC V-8. The extra wheelbase also allows for a wider variety of drivetrain modifications than does the CJ-5.

The CJ-7 featured a longer wheel base than the CJ-5 and lacked the noticeable curvature of the doors previously seen on the CJ-5. It was introduced in 1976 and 379,299 were built during 11 years of production.

The CJ-7 featured an optional new automatic all-wheel drive system called Quadra-Trac, as well as a part-time two speed transfer case; an automatic transmission was also an option. Other features included an optional molded hardtop, and steel doors. The CJ-7 was also available in Renegade and an upgraded Laredo model. Noticeable by their different body decals, the Laredo model featured nicer seats, steering wheel tilt, and a chrome package that included the bumpers, front grill, and mirrors. An optional Trak-Lok differential was available for the rear. Ring and Pinion was typically 3.54, but later went down to 2.73.

A diesel powered version was made in the Ohio factory for export only. The engines were provided by General Motors, the owners of Isuzu Motor Cars. Production of this diesel version is believed to have been only between 1980 and 1982.

Engines

* 150 cu in (2.5 L) AMC I4
* 258 cu in (4.2 L) AMC I6
* 304 cu in (5 L) AMC V8
* 140 cu in (2.3 L) Isuzu Diesel C240

Transmissions

* Warner T-18 (4 speed)
* Borg-Warner T-4 (4 speed)
* Borg-Warner T-5 (5 speed)
* Tremec T-150 (3 speed manual
* Tremec T-176 (4 speed manual)
* Borg-Warner SR-4 (4 speed)
* GM TH-400 (3 speed automatic)
* Chrysler TF-999 (3 speed automatic transmission - 4.2L)
* Chrysler TF-904 (3 speed automatic transmission - 2.5L)

Transfer Cases

* Dana 20 (1976-79)
* Dana 300 (1980-86)
* Borg-Warner QuadraTrac #1339 (1976 -1979)

Axles

* Dana 30 Front (1976-86)
* 2-Piece AMC 20 Rear (1976-86)
* Dana 44 Rear (1986)

[72 Virginians]

1981-1985 CJ-8 "Scrambler"


After the CJ-6's demise in 1975, there was another cry by owners for more room. AMC answered with the CJ-8 "Scrambler." Built as a 103-inch-wheelbase pickup with lots of rear overhang, the CJ-8 came in hard- or soft-top models. A steel hardtop version was exported to Australia, and reportedly 176 insulated panel delivery units with automatic transmission were sold to the U.S. Postal Service for use in Alaska. The Scrambler was a very modest seller, with only 27,792 built. An upswing in popularity in the 1990's has turned the old CJ-8 into a very hot item with lots of room for trick modifications.



The (CJ-8) Scrambler was a pickup truck version of the CJ-7, introduced in 1981. It featured a 103-inch (2,616 mm) wheelbase and a pickup bed. Only 27,792 were built in the five years of production before being replaced by the similarly-sized Comanche.

The Jeep Scrambler(CJ-8) did not offer the Quadra-Trac system. The majority of Jeep Scramblers (CJ-8) used the traditional transfer case and manual front-locking hubs to engage the four-wheel drive. Most Scramblers(CJ-8) used a four- or five-speed standard transmission but a three-speed automatic transmission was an available option.

A right-hand drive, full length hardtop CJ8 based on the Scrambler but without any pickup bed was made for Alaskan mail delivery van, using right hand drive. This version was sold in Australia as the "CJ8 Overlander", with small differences including full length rear windows on the Overlander.Jeep Australia (Circa 1984). "Jeep Overlander CJ8 Specifications and Dimensions". Press release.

Former U.S. President Ronald Reagan also owned a blue Scrambler (CJ-8) and used it on his California "Rancho del Cielo" property with the license plate "Gipper.

[72 Virginians]

1984-2001 Cherokee (XJ):


The XJ Cherokee was introduced in 1984 as the first unibody Jeep. Designs of the XJ Cherokee date back to 1978 when a team of American Motors (AMC) and Renault engineers drew several sketches. A few clay models were based on the existing SJ Cherokee. Early sketches of the XJ Cherokee had an European influence, and most of the styling cues were done by AMC engineers. The ongoing debate suggests that Renault sketch artists were involved right after the 1979 partnership with AMC.[citation needed] Noticing that General Motors was developing a new two-door S-10 based Blazer, AMC decided to design an entirely new four-door model, but worried about rollovers Gerald C. Meyers hired one of Ford's best engineers, Roy Lunn to design what is known as the Quadra-Link suspension.[3] François Castaing developed the drivetrain using a much smaller engine than normally found in 4WD vehicles and reduced the weight of the new model.

Both two- and four-door versions of the XJ Cherokee were offered throughout its lifetime, each having exactly the same track and wheelbase measurements. Two-door models, however, received longer doors and front seats that could fold forward to assist in rear passenger entry and exit. This was in addition to extended-length rear windows that did not open, although an optional rear vent window was available on some models. Its appearance has led some to mistakenly believe that the two-door models are a short wheelbase version of the four-door.

A variation on the Cherokee from 1984 through 1990 was the Jeep Wagoneer. It was sold in two trim levels: the Wagoneer and the Wagoneer Limited. Both Wagoneers were distinguished from the Cherokee by the four headlights. The Wagoneer Limited came with vinyl wood trim on the sides.

This version was the first to be sold in Europe; it was launched in 1992 in some markets, 1993 for the United Kingdom. Early versions had the 4.0 L (242 CID) six-cylinder engine only: the 2.5 L (150 CID) engine did not arrive in Europe until 1995.

American Motors's compact XJ Cherokee was to be replaced by a new and larger model known as the XJC (later named the Jeep Grand Cherokee when introduced in 1993) that was under development by AMC.[5] However, the smaller model's continuing popularity caused Chrysler executives, as the new owners of AMC, to rethink this decision. The Jeep XJ has remained a popular choice by off-roading enthusiasts due to its potent off-roading capability in stock form. Its popularity has resulted in strong ongoing aftermarket support in the form of a wide variety of products and upgrade availability.

Engines

* 1984-1996 2.5 L AMC 150 I4, 105 hp (78 kW) – 130 hp (97 kW)
* 1984-1986 2.8 L GM 60° LR2 V6, 110 hp (82 kW)
* 1985-1987 2.1 L Renault turbodiesel I4 (initially sold in U.S. and until 1993 in Europe)
* 1987-1990 4.0 L AMC 242 I6, 173-177 hp (41 kW) with Renix fuel injection system
* 1991-1996 4.0 L AMC 242 "High Output" I6, 190 hp (142 kW) with Chrysler fuel injection system
* 1994-1996 2.5 L VM Motori turbodiesel I4 (sold in Europe and South America)



1997-2001

After 13 years of production, 1997 saw the Cherokee receive updated exterior and interior styling. Both the two- and four-door bodies remained in production, receiving a steel tailgate (replacing the fiberglass one used previously),a new taillight design, additional plastic molding along the doors, as well as a new front header panel that featured more aerodynamic styling; the interior was similarly updated with an all-new design and instruments, and a stiffer unibody frame brought improvements to Noise, Vibration, and Harshness measurements. In the middle of the 1999 model year, vehicles with the 4.0 liter engine received a much improved intake manifold. This was done to help counteract smaller exhaust porting on the latest casting of cylinder heads, which was done to meet more stringent emissions control laws. Both the 4- and 6-cylinder engines were offered through the 2000 model year, though only the straight-six was available in 2001. For the 2000 and 2001 model years, all six-cylinder XJs received a distributorless ignition system using coil-on-plug ignition replacing the 'traditional' system previously used; coupled with better exhaust porting and the newer intake manifolds, this gave a minor increase in power over the previous models. Transmission, axle, and transfer case choices were carried over from the previous models.

However, major changes were underway with a new executive, Wolfgang Bernhard, who was "known as a cost-slasher" nicknamed "whirlwind", came from Mercedes-Benz to turn around Chrysler. "One of the first moves Bernhard made when he came to Chrysler in 2000 was to help kill the Jeep Cherokee, an aging somewhat bland SUV." Thus, the (XJ) Cherokee line was replaced in 2002 by the Jeep Liberty (KJ) , although it is called the "Cherokee" in most foreign markets.

When (XJ) Cherokee production ended in mid 2001, the portion of the Toledo South Assembly Plant devoted to its production was slowly torn down.

Engines

* 1997-2000 2.5 L AMC 150 I4, 130 hp (97 kW)
* 1997-2001 2.5 L VM Motori turbodiesel I4 (sold in Europe, Australia and South America)
* 1997-1999 4.0 L 242 Power Tech I6, 190 hp (142 kW)
* 2000-2001 4.0 L 242 Power Tech I6, 193 hp (144 kW)

Trim levels

* Base - 1984-1993
* SE - 1994-2000
* Wagoneer - 1984-1990
* Briarwood - 1991-1992
* Pioneer - 1984-1990
* Pioneer Olympic Edition - 1988
* Chief - 1984-1990
* Sport - 1988-2001
* Country - 1993-1997
* Classic - 1996, 1998-2001
* Limited - 1987-1992, 1998-2001
* Laredo - 1985-1992
* Freedom - 2000
* 60th Anniversary - 2001



Manual transmissions

* 1984 – 1987 : Aisin-Warner AX4 4-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 only.
* 1984-only : Borg-Warner T-4 4-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 only.
* 1984-only : Borg-Warner T-5 5-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6.
* 1987 – Mid-1989 : Peugeot BA-10/5 5-speed manual used with 4.0 L I6.
* 1984 – 2000 : Aisin-Warner AX5 5-speed manual, used with 2.5 L I4, 2.1 L I4 diesel, and 2.8 L V6.
* Late-1989 – 1999 : Aisin-Warner AX15 5-speed manual, used with 4.0 L I6.
* 2000 – 2001 : New Venture Gear NV3550 5-speed manual, used with 4.0 L I6.

Automatic transmissions

* 1984 – 1986 : Chrysler A904 3-speed automatic, used with 2.5 L I4 and 2.8 L V6.
* 1994 – 2000 : Chrysler 30RH 3-speed automatic, used with 2.5 L I4.
* 1987 – 2001 : Aisin-Warner AW-4 4-speed automatic used with 2.5 L I4 and 4.0 L I6.

Transfer cases

All the transfer cases used on the Cherokee were chain driven with aluminum housings. Command-Trac was standard on XJ models built with 4WD.

* 1984 – 1987 : New Process NP207 "Command-Trac", part-time only, 2.61:1 ratio with low range
* 1987 – 2001 : New Process NP231 "Command-Trac", part-time only, 2.72:1 ratio with low range
* 1987 – 2001 : New Process NP242 "Selec-Trac", full-time/part-time, 2.72:1 ratio with low range

Axles

The Jeep XJ utilizes front and rear solid (live) axles as opposed to independent front and/or rear axles. This configuration allows the XJ to have superior off-road capability and performance at the expense of some on-road comfort and drivability.

Front Axle

* 1984 – 1996 : Dana 30, High Pinion, Reverse Cut, 27-spline axleshafts (1989 – 1995 : with ABS used 5-297x universal joints, non-ABS had 5-260x universal joints. Note: Certain XJ models were produced with constant-velocity joints instead of universal joints.)
* 1996 – 1999 : Dana 30, High Pinion, Reverse Cut, 297x/760 universal Joint, 27-spline axleshafts.
* 2000 – 2001 : Dana 30, Low Pinion, Standard Cut, 297x/760 universal Joint, 27-spline axleshafts.

Rear Axle

* 1984 – 1989 : Dana 35, non c-clip, with anti-lock braking system (ABS) or non-ABS.
* 1990 – 1996 : Dana 35, c-clip, ABS or non-ABS.
* 1997 – 2001 : Dana 35, c-clip, ABS.
* 1991 – 1996 : Chrysler 8.25", c-clip, non-ABS, 27-spline axleshafts.
* 1997 – 2001 : Chrysler 8.25", c-clip, non-ABS, 29-spline axleshafts.
* 1987 – 1990 : Dana 44, non-abs, 30-spline axleshafts.

Axle Gear Ratios

Jeep XJs came in several standard gearing ratios:

* 3.07:1, manual transmission, I6 engine.
* 3.54:1, automatic transmission, I6 engine with Dana 44 rear differential.
* 3.54:1, manual transmission, I4 diesel engine with Dana 35 rear differential.
* 3.55:1, automatic transmission, I6, V6 engines; manual transmission, I4 engine.
* 3.73:1, automatic transmission, I6, Tow Package, UpCountry Package.
* 4.10:1, manual transmission, V6 automatic transmission, I4 engine.
* 4.56:1, automatic transmission, I4, offroad or tow package.

Note: Dana 44 rear ends came with manual transmissions with the towing packages in 1987.

Suspension

The Jeep XJ utilizes a coil spring front suspension with a leaf spring rear suspension.

Front Suspension

The Jeep XJ utilizes the Quadra-Link front suspension. This suspension design locates the axle with four control arms to control up and down movement, two above the axle and two below it. A panhard rod, also referred to as a track bar, is used to locate the axle central to the vehicle. Two coil springs are seated on top of the axle housing as well as two gas-charged shock absorbers. A sway bar is utilized to reduce body roll in turns.

Rear Suspension

The XJ uses a leaf spring rear suspension. Each leaf pack contains four leaf springs with a fixed eye at the front of the spring and a shackle at the rear of the spring. Two gas-charged shock absorbers are also used, along with a mild anti-sway/anti-roll bar. The suspension used on vehicles with the optional UpCountry Package did not employ the rear anti-sway/anti-roll bar and provided one inch of lift over the standard suspension.

[72 Virginians]

1986-1992 Comanche (MJ):


The Jeep Comanche (designated MJ) is a pickup truck version of the Cherokee compact SUV that was produced from 1986 to 1992. Rear-wheel and four-wheel-drive models were available as well as two cargo box lengths of six and seven feet.

The Comanche was a unibody vehicle, an unusual form of truck like the Volkswagen Rabbit pickup and Dodge Rampage. Jeep designers based its body, styling, and suspension on the Cherokee, which had been introduced for the 1984 model year.

AMC's Jeep engineering staff designed a subframe that connected to the modified Cherokee Monocoque (unibody) structure to support the cargo box. Two such subframes were designed; one for the long-bed model, which appeared first, and a second, shorter version for the short-bed, which debuted for 1987.

The Comanche uses the Cherokee's front suspension, with coil springs and upper and lower control arms. The Cherokee and Comanche were the first Jeeps to use this new "Quadra-Link" suspension. It was argued that the coil springs allowed for greater ride comfort and axle articulation during off-road excursions. A trackbar is used to keep the axle centered under the truck. Modified versions of this same basic suspension system were later used on the Grand Cherokee and the TJ Wrangler.

For the rear suspension, the truck uses leaf springs that are considerably longer than on Cherokees, which give Comanches good load-carrying capacity. There is also a heavy duty "Big Ton" package available (known as the "Metric Ton" package outside the U.S.) for long-bed models. The package included heavier-duty leaf springs and wheels, larger tires and an upgraded rear axle to a Dana 44 instead of a Dana 35, which increases stock payload capacity from 1,400 pounds (640 kg) to 2,205 pounds (1,000 kg), well above that of any other pickup of the Comanche's size. In fact, a Metric Ton Comanche's payload rating is higher than that of many larger pickups.

Jeep offered the Comanche with a selection of engines, including the 4.0 L, 242 CID straight-6 engine found in many 1980s and 1990s Jeeps.

The inaugural 1986 Comanches could be equipped with one of three engines. The AMC 150 2.5 L, 150 CID I4, General Motors LR2 2.8 L V6, and Renault 2.1 L I4 turbodiesel were all offered from the start. The V6, which was the same basic unit used in the first generation Chevrolet S-10, had seven fewer horsepower than the base four-cylinder, only slightly more torque, and was equipped with a two-barrel carburetor instead of the four-cylinder's electronic fuel injection. In addition, fuel mileage with the V6, particularly in four-wheel drive models, was generally poor.

Changes to the engine lineup happened in the truck's second year on the market. For 1987, the 2.8 L V6 was replaced by the new fuel-injected 4.0 L, 242 CID AMC 242 inline-six that delivered 173 hp (129 kW), 63 more hp than the V6. The new six-cylinder was also more fuel-efficient. The slow-selling turbodiesel was officially dropped at some point during the model year.

Other changes under the hood occurred in 1991, when Chrysler adopted their own engine control electronics to replace the original Renix (Renault/Bendix) systems. One positive effect of this change was that the 4.0 L, 242 CID, I-6 engine gained 17 hp (to 190 hp (142 kW), having already gained 4 hp (3 kW) in 1988), while the 2.5 L, 150 CID, I4 engine jumped from 117 hp (87 kW) to 130 hp (97 kW). In addition, most parts for the Chrysler systems are easier to come by, even though many Renix parts were borrowed from GM at the time, and are still widely available today and most are surprisingly cheap. Most people won't consider a Renix Comanche, as it has no Check Engine Light. (CEL) But if the owner can operate a simple and cheap multimeter, they will find that Renix systems are quite easy to diagnose and keep running.

During the production life of the Comanche, six different transmissions were offered, manufactured by Aisin, Chrysler and Peugeot. Aisin provided the AX-4 (four-speed), AX-5 and AX-15 (five-speed overdrive) manual transmissions, along with the AW-4 four-speed automatic that was used beginning in 1987. The AX-15 was phased in to replace the Peugeot BA-10/5 five-speed that had been used from 1987 until mid-1989 behind the 4.0 L I-6 engine.

Although Chrysler purchased AMC (and, by extension, Jeep) in 1987, only one Chrysler transmission was ever used in the Comanche, and that was prior to the takeover. 1986 models equipped with the 2.5 L I4 or 2.8 L V6 were offered with Chrysler's three-speed TorqueFlite A904 automatic. Throughout the Comanche's production run, Chrysler would continue AMC's practice of purchasing Aisin automatics that began in 1987.

After the Chrysler buyout, the Comanche, like the Cherokee, received only minor changes, primarily those that would improve reliability and parts interchangeability with other Chryslers. The lack of an extended cab body style, which all other compact trucks were offering by the time of the Comanche's debut, and the fact that the Comanche's prices were, in any given model year, higher than those of the top-selling American compacts (Ford Ranger and Chevrolet S-10)[citation needed], led[citation needed] to lagging sales as customers went elsewhere for roomier trucks.

As sales dropped, the Comanche was planned for discontinuation. A rumor existed that the Comanche would be replaced by a restyled Dodge Dakota (its body-on-frame sibling from Dodge), but Jeep dealers disliked the idea because the Dakota was generally heavier and less reliable than the Comanche.[citation needed] The company chose instead to cancel the Comanche at the end of the 1992 model year, after only a few thousand trucks had rolled off the Toledo, Ohio assembly line.

Trims

* 1986-1986 - Custom
* 1986-1986 - X
* 1986-1986 - XLS
* 1987-1992 - Base
* 1987-1988 - Chief
* 1987-1990 - Laredo
* 1987-1992 - SporTruck
* 1988-1992 - Pioneer
* 1988-1992 - Eliminator

[72 Virginians]

1987-1995 Wrangler YJ:


With CJ sales lagging in the mid-80's, AMC responded with the Wrangler. Lower and wider than the CJ, the Wrangler was not looked upon as a "real" Jeep by the fans, but gradually it won them over and has proven to be a capable and adaptable design with a personality all its own. What it lacked in out-of-the-boxability, it more than made up for in adaptability: with an immense variety of aftermarket development devoted to it, the Wrangler is a four-wheeld Erector set. A total of 632,231 YJ Wranglers were built in its production run.

The Jeep YJ, sold as the Wrangler, replaced the much-loved but slower-selling Jeep CJ in 1987 and was built in Brampton, Ontario, Canada until the plant closed on April 23, 1992. It was a new design with a wider wheelbase, slightly less ground clearance, a galvanized body and more comfort. The YJ also had a leaf spring suspension similar to that of the CJ, however, the springs were wider, and the YJs sported trackbars and swaybars for added handling. YJs are easily identifiable by their rectangular headlights, which were a source of controversy when introduced. Despite the new grill, the body is very similar to the CJ7's, and it is interchangeable with some minor modifications. The YJ also was given a larger windshield over the CJ. 632,231 YJs were built through model year 1995, though YJs were still produced into mid '96 bringing the total production number to 685,071 units.

The YJ used a 2.5 L AMC 150 I4 or optional 4.2 L AMC 258 I6 until 1991. That year, a fuel injected 180 hp (134 kW) 4.0 L AMC 242 variant replaced the 112 hp (84 kW) 4.2 L 258 CID straight-6. The NP207 transfer case was used only in 1987 and replaced by the NP231

The roll cage was extended in 1992 to allow for rear shoulder belts, and anti-lock brakes were added as an option the next year. An automatic transmission option for 4-cylinder Wranglers came in 1994 along with a center high-mounted stop light.

In 1994, the slave cylinder on manual transmissions was moved outside of the transmission's bellhousing to allow for easier replacement, and in 1995 larger U-joints were used [front axle U-joints(297x) and rear pinion U-joint(1330)]. For the 1992 model year, the YJ switched over to an electronic speedometer outmoding the cable speedos on older YJs. 1995 was the only year to have a fully galvanized frame and body.

YJs produced in early 1996 were sold as 1995 model years, but featured a few new parts not seen on any earlier YJ. This included: the new TJ bumpstops on the hood (rubber boots vs the traditional U-bars), reinforced tailgate hinges, and it has been said that some even had rear TJ bumpers. Some lucky ones also got the newly tuned I6 that was tuned to run quieter in preparation for the TJ.

From 1991 until 1994, Jeep produced an options package on the YJ Wrangler listed as the "Renegade Decor Group". Initially, all Renegades were White, Black or Red. In 1992, Blue was added, in 1993, Bronze. The Renegade Decor Group was a $4,266.00 option over a base Wrangler in 1991 and included special alloy wheels, exclusive body flares, along with many other features.

Contents of the Renegade Decor Package

* 4.0 Litre (242 CID) I-6 Engine
* 29x9.5R15 LT OWL Wrangler A/T Tires
* 5-Hole Aluminum Wheels, 8 inch wide.
* Full size spare tire.
* Highback seats with Trailcloth Fabric
* Off-Road Gas Shocks
* Power Steering
* Fog Lamps (integrated into the front fenders)
* Leather wrapped steering wheel
* Renegade striping (door letters)
* Floor carpeting (full width, and on insides of body tub)
* Floor mats, front
* Extra capacity fuel tank (20 US gal.)
* Color Keyed Fender Flares with integrated bodyside steps
* Front and rear bumperettes (plastic)
* Center console with cup holders
* Courtesy and engine compartment lights
* Interval Wipers
* Glove box lock

Additionally, hardtops received a mandatory rear window defroster at a $164.00 premium. Hardtops themselves were a $923.00 option.

All Renegades typically had the Tilt Steering wheel ($130.00) and an AM/FM/Cassette Stereo Radio ($264.00).

A column shift automatic was also an available option (this option was rare).

While a base Wrangler with the inline 6 went for $12,356.00, the Renegade package pushed that price up to $18,588.00 in 1991. Dealer mark-up moved the price to $19,273.00.

These vehicles were sent as optioned Wranglers to Auto Style Cars in Detroit, where the Renegade Decor Package was installed, then shipped back to Jeep for delivery to dealers. Renegades all have a small sticker on the driver's side door, right above the latch denoting the visit to ASC.

At the price premium over a standard Wrangler, sales were fairly limited, so finding one today is a semi-rare occurrence. The price, plus what hardcore Jeepers felt were "funny looking plastic fenders" limited the sales. Although having nearly identical off-road capabilities, these Jeep were typically used as "beach cruisers" because of both their price and rarity, as well as the fact that their over sized flares and body cladding were not designed for the abuse that tree branches and over sized tires can deal out.

Trims

North American YJ/Wrangler were available in the following standard trims.

* Base (also referred to as "S" & "SE" at different points in the model run; first few years the back seat and rear bumperettes were optional, some years the 6cyl engine was an option, other years only the 4cyl was available in the "Base" model)
* Laredo (Chrome grille, bumpers, and trim, hard top and hard full doors, tinted windows, faux leather interior, body color fender flares and alloy wheels)
* Islander (which included "Sunset" Islander graphics and body colored wheel flares)
* Sport (which featured "sport" graphics and, beginning in 1991, a 4.0 L 242 CID inline-6 cylinder engine)
* Sahara (which came standard with most available options, including body color fender flares and alloy wheels)
* Renegade (which ran until 1994, and featured a similar option package as Sahara, but added premium wheels, deluxe interior group as well as oversized "Renegade" wheel flares and body cladding)
* Rio Grande (Available in champagne gold, moss green and white, with a Pueblo themed interior trim package, this trim was only available in 1995 and was added to spice up the base model Wrangler 'S' hence this trim was only available with the 4-cylinder models)

[72 Virginians]

1993-1998 Grand Cherokee (ZJ):


The Grand Cherokee's origins date back to 1983 when American Motors (AMC) engineers were designing a successor to the smaller Jeep Cherokee (XJ).[1] Three outside (non-AMC) designers — Larry Shinoda, Adam Clenet, and Giorgetto Giugiaro — were under contract with AMC to create and build a clay model of the replacement model, then known as the "XJC" project.[2] However, the basic design for the Cherokee's replacement was well under way by AMC's in-house designers and the 1989 Jeep Concept 1 show car foretold the basic design.[3]

The Grand Cherokee was the first Chrysler-badged Jeep product. Development work for the new model continued and Chrysler employees (after the 1987 buyout of AMC) were eager for a late-1980s release date; however, then-CEO Lee Iacocca was pushing for redesigned Chrysler minivans, thus delaying the Grand Cherokee's release until late 1992 as an Explorer competitor.

The Grand Cherokee debuted in grand fashion at the 1992 North American International Auto Show in Detroit, Michigan. Then-Chrysler president Robert Lutz drove Detroit mayor, Coleman Young up the steps of Cobo Hall and through a plate glass window to show off the new vehicle. Production of the Grand Cherokee started shortly afterward in the purpose-built Jefferson North Assembly in Detroit, Michigan and has remained there since.

The ZJ models, manufactured from 1993 to 1998, originally came in three general trims, the Base, Laredo, and the Limited. The Base model offered basic features such as full instruments, cloth interior, a standard five-speed manual transmission, while soon gaining the moniker SE name in 1994. Creature comforts like power windows and locks were not standard equipment on the SE, although conveniences like these were finally included in 1995; a somewhat contrasting pricetag with minimal production numbers resulted with low consumer demand and dropping the now-uncommon bare-bone model indefinitely. The Laredo was the mid-scale model (essentially becoming base model after 1996), standard features included added body cladding power windows, power door locks, and cruise control; exterior features displayed a medium grey plastic lower body paneling and five-spoke aluminum wheels. The Limited was the premium model, with the lower body paneling being the same color as the vehicle color. The Limited also boasted standard features such as leather seating, optional power sunroof, mirrors, seats, and remote keyless entry system; heated mirrors, and heated seats, a basic onboard computer; and waffle-like cast aluminum wheels.

In 1995 the performance of the V8 engine was upgraded to 300 lb·ft (410 N·m) from 285 previously. 1996 brought cosmetic changes ranging from improved body modeling (grille, bumpers), and integrated foglights; interior features added dual airbags and increased fabric quality for seating. At the same time, the "Grand Cherokee" fender emblems in the American Motors-typeface were replaced with the typeface used on other Chrysler vehicles. The AMC 4.0 L straight-6 engine, able to tow 5,000 lb, was also refined, through minimal loss in horsepower but gained more torque and presented quieter operation. Limited models that year and onward had more luxury items such as driver placement memory, remote radio control from the steering wheel, and variable assist while driving and parking.

Between 1996-98, the export Grand Cherokee Laredo (marketed for Japan) had the optional Aspen package (source: The Story of Jeep).

Special edition ZJs

Throughout its lifetime, there were several different "one-off" and special edition models of the ZJ, including but not limited to the gold series. The following highlights several of these.

The 5.9L Limited ZJ (1998)
A Deep Slate 1998 Grand Cherokee 5.9L (Note hood louvers and mesh grill inserts)

The 5.9 Limited was a Jeep Grand Cherokee produced only for the 1998 model year, having more luxury and performance than that of the regular Limited. Chrysler churned out nearly a quarter million Grand Cherokees in 1998. Of those, less than fifteen thousand were 5.9s. It housed a Magnum 5.9 L V8 engine with an output of 245 hp (183 kW) and 345 lb·ft (468 N·m) of torque, going from zero to 60 mph (100 km/h) in only 7.3 seconds[5] (Motor Trend measured this at a slightly faster 6.8 seconds [6]see Motor Trend, January 1998, page 51), making it the quickest SUV available that year. The straight line performance of the 1998 5.9L V8 has been surpassed by Jeep only with the 2006 introduction of the 6.1l SRT8 HEMI grand Cherokee. The 5.9 Jeep Grand Cherokee was named the 1998 four-wheel drive vehicle of the year by Peterson's 4-wheel & Off-Road . [7] Other features separated the 5.9 from the standard Limited model including[8]:

* Functioning heat-extracting hood louvers
* Mesh grille insert
* Five-spoke alloy Ultrastar wheels
* Black-wall tires
* An improved premium 180 watt, 10 speaker infinity stereo system
* A rear speaker bar for additional infinity speakers
* Calf-grain, soft leather seats and trim
* Leather door inserts
* Leather shift handle, e-brake and transfer case handle
* Enhanced faux wood trim throughout, additionally around the transmission shift handle base
* A full-leather spare tire cover with multiple pockets
* A center leather armrest in the rear seat
* A lower-profile roof rack that eliminated squeeking problems found on the base 5.2l limited
* Molded rocker panels
* Stock foglights
* Stock power sunroof/moonroof


The Grand Cherokee 5.9 further included additional performance-enhancing features including:

* A stronger 46RE transmission than the 5.2L with a heavier output shaft
* Quadradrive heavy duty NV249 transfer case
* Standard trac-lock rear differential
* An electric fan
* A high-output 150A alternator
* Lower restriction exhaust and chrome plated exhaust tip


Jeep Grand Wagoneer (1993)
1993 Jeep Grand Wagoneer

For 1993 alone, Jeep carried over the Grand Wagoneer name for a special luxury version of the Grand Cherokee with the 5.2 L V8, this marked the last appearance for the Grand Wagoneer in the Jeep lineup. Having all the features of the Limited, it featured a simulated wood grain body cladding, along with special Grand Wagoneer badging, and a unique leather interior. This Jeep was the most costly of the line up, and was produced in limited numbers.

The Orvis Edition (1995-1997)
1996 Grand Cherokee Orvis

The Orvis (1995-1997) was a Grand Cherokee Limited package that featured an exterior color scheme of either Deep Hunter Green, or (less commonly) Light Driftwood, with red and gold side strip accents (1995). Green paint accents on the road wheels (matching the deep hunter green body color) and the special "Orvis" brand badging were the only significant exterior visual differences. In performance, the 5.2 V8 engine became standard, but was available with a 4.0 inline 6 cylinder engine. Also, all Orvis editions were installed with tow hooks and the Up-Country suspension group. However, the interior was special. Two-tone green and tan leather seats were complimented with red accent piping and Orvis insignia. There was a slight difference between the 1996 and 1997 years' interior compared to each other. The 1996 had a black dash where the 1997 had a tan dash, this is an easy way to tell the difference between the two. Because it was an additional luxury trim package to the Limited, the Orvis Edition (when fully optioned) became the most expensive of all the Grand Cherokee versions until 1998 when the 5.9 Limited was introduced.


TSi (1997-1998)

A sporty TSi model (1997-1998) briefly debuted, exterior features included single color body paneling, with lower indigo blue striping accent similar to that found on the Eagle Talon model. TSi packages came equipped with 5 spoke 16-inch alloy wheels, 225/70R16 tires, sport tuned suspension and steering, perforated leather seats, and a premium sound system. A 5.2 litre V8 was available. The TSi was priced between the Laredo and the Limited.

[edit] 4x4

Four-wheel drive systems included Command-Trac, a part-time unit offering temporary 4-wheel assistance; Command-Trac was dropped from lineup in conjunction with the SE trim in 1996. Selec-Trac had the option of either full-time or part-time operation; both shift-on-the-fly Command-Trac and Selec-Trac were already available for the Cherokee, and they were adapted to the Grand Cherokee. Exclusive to the Grand Cherokee was the introduction of Quadra-Trac system with permanent all-time four-wheel assistance. This was standard on all Limited and most specialty trims, as well as optional on Laredo models. Rear wheel drive I6 models were sold though only for the Laredo in late 1993, while it was in 1994 when rear wheel drive was made available for the Limited. In 1997, the 5.2 L V8 engines were made optional in rear wheel drive models.

Suspension

An available "Up Country" package was offered. The suspension package included heavier duty gas charged shocks, along with various other suspension components improved.

Awards

The Grand Cherokee V8 was on Car and Driver magazine's Ten Best list and was Motor Trend magazine's Truck of the Year for 1993.

It was also Petersen's 4x4 of the Year in 1993, 1996 (with the redesigned NV249 transfer case), 1998 (with the newly available 5.9L V-8), 1999 (with its acclaimed 2nd generation model), 2001 (with the new 5-speed transmission), and 2005 (with its 3rd generation model).

Models

* 1993–1995 — Base "SE"
* 1993–1998 — Laredo
* 1993–1998 — Limited
* 1995–1997 — Orvis "Limited Edition"
* 1997–1998 — TSi
* 1993 Grand Wagoneer
* 1998 5.9 Limited

[72 Virginians]

1997-2006 Wrangler TJ:


The YJ gave way to the TJ for the 1997 model year (note that there was no 1996 model year; the 1997 TJ was released in Spring 1996). This updated Wrangler featured a coil-spring suspension (based on that of the Jeep Grand Cherokee) for better ride and handling, and a return to the CJ's iconic round headlamps. The engine is the same 4.0 L AMC 242 Straight-6 used in the Cherokee and Grand Cherokee. A 2.5 L AMC 150 Inline-4 motor was available on entry-level models until 2003 when the 2.4 L DOHC Neon 4-cylinder engine replaced it.

A right hand drive version of the TJ was available for export markets, and was also offered for sale to US rural route postal carriers. The version offered to US postal carriers was only available with an automatic transmission.

Other changes included the 1999 additions of a larger standard fuel tank, child seat tethers and sound system improvements in 2000, and a new console, steering wheel, and a revised dashboard for 2001. 2002 saw other minor changes including new colors, along with available wheel styles.

The Wrangler Rubicon (named for the famed Rubicon Trail in the Sierra Nevada Mountains) was introduced in 2003. It featured front and rear Dana 44 axles with built-in air-actuated locking differentials, 4:1 low-range NV241OR transfer case, 4.10:1 differential gears, 16 in alloy wheels, and Goodyear MTR P245/75-R16 tires. 2003 to 2004 featured a standard NV3500 five-speed manual transmission, which changed in 2005 to a Mercedes-sourced six-speed. The optional 42RLE four-speed automatic transmission was available from 2003 to 2006.

A limited run of 1,001 Wrangler Rubicon "Tomb Raider" models were produced in 2003 to promote the Tomb Raider sequel, Lara Croft Tomb Raider: The Cradle of Life. Along with the standard Rubicon fare, it also included exterior features such as 16 inch Alcoa forged aluminum wheels, Tomb Raider badging, and Mopar accessories including a light bar, riveted fender flares, tubular grille guard, diamond-plated bumper guard, etc. Interior features included Dark Slate fabric seats with red accent stitching down the center, silver surround instrument panel bezel, red seatbelts and a Tomb Raider badge with serial number. To match the vehicle in the film, it was offered in Bright Silver.

TJ Wrangler Unlimited
Jeep TJ Wrangler Unlimited soft-top

In 2004, Jeep introduced the Wrangler Unlimited with a 10 inch (~25.4 cm) longer wheelbase (LWB), a Dana 44 rear axle with a 3:73 gear ratio and the Command-Trac 231 transfer case; this model is also known by its unofficial designation of LJ. In 2005, Jeep released the Rubicon Unlimited, which has the wheelbase of the Unlimited and the off-road features of the Rubicon such as front and rear Dana 44 axles with locking differentials, diamond plate rocker guards, an NVG241OR transfer case with a 4.0:1 low range, 245/75R16 Goodyear MT/R tires, a six-speed manual transmission and other comfort and convenience options not offered on other Wranglers.

Trims

* Base - also referred to as "SE"
* X (available after 2002, it was the equivalent to earlier standard optioned 'Sport' models
* Sport - which came standard with the 4.0-liter (242 CID) inline-six-cylinder engine
* Sahara - the premium model until 2005, which came standard with most available options, including the 4.0-liter engine, alloy wheels, fog lights and the premium interior group
* Rubicon - beginning in 2003, the premium "off-road" model, which came standard with most of the available off-road options and included the "Rubicon appearance package", which included alloys, fog lights, and lower bodyside "diamond" plating. Rubicon models also received front and rear electric lockers, Dana 44 centre differentials front and rear, as well as a 4:1 transfer case with fixed rear output dubbed the NV241OR.
* Unlimited - beginning in 2004, Unlimited offered more interior room (increased legroom for rear passengers, and improved storage space behind the rear seat), greater towing capacity, 3,500 pounds (1600 kg), and was available in a standard or Rubicon trim. A 4.0 L and alloys were standard on all models. On soft tops, the "Sunrider" flip-back sunroof feature is standard as well.

[72 Virginians]

1999-2004 Grand Cherokee WJ:


The redesigned WJ 1999 Grand Cherokee shared just 127 parts with its predecessor. The structure was stiffened by Porsche Engineering for sharper steering and lighter weight. The spare tire was relocated from the side of the cargo compartment to under the floor to great relief of owners. The two heavy pushrod V8 engines were replaced by chrysler's first clean sheet V8 since the 60's (SOHC aluminium heads, plastic intake), Chrysler's then-new PowerTech. Although this engine produced less torque than both previous V8s, it was lighter and got much better fuel economy and provided similar on road performance figures (the 23 gallon fuel tank was replaced with one of a 20.5 gallon capacity). The Inline 6 engine was also updated in 1999. 10 Horsepower was added by redesigning the intake manifold. The manual transmission was dropped with this model.

While other Jeep vehicles used the Mopar 5 x 4.5 bolt circle, this was the first Jeep following the 1987 Chrysler buyout to receive a wider bolt pattern — 5 x 5. The 5 x 5 bolt pattern (also 5 x 127 mm), although common to GM rear wheel drive vehicles and light duty trucks/vans, has spread beyond its use with GM (and Ford with their 1973 to 1978 LTDs and Lincolns). Chrysler first used the 5 x 5 pattern on full-size half-ton Dodge Ram pickups and Dodge Ramcharger SUVs in 1986.

A notable feature available in this generation was the automatic four wheel drive option called Quadra-Drive II. With three viscous clutches, it was one of only a few four wheel drive systems at the time with triple locking differentals, joining the contemporary Mercedes Gelandewagen, Mercedes Unimog and Magna Steyr Pinzgauer, and the only one of the four with fully automatic operation, although the axle differentials could not be manually locked like in the other three vehicles.

The 45RFE and 545RFE automatic transmission in the WJ was notable. It included three planetary gear sets rather than the two normally used in a four-speed automatic. This gave it six theoretical speeds, and it would have been the first six-speed transmission ever produced in volume, but it was programmed to only use five of these ratios. Four were used for upshifts, with a different second gear for downshifts. Although five of the six ratios were used, Chrysler decided to call it a "4-speed automatic". In 2001, the programming was changed to make use of all six ratios. Rather than have six forward gears, the transmission was programmed to act as a five-speed with the alternate second gear for downshifts. The RPM at 70 miles per hour on a 545RFE is 2000 RPM, 200 RPM less than the 45RFE programming. 1999 and 2000 model year WJ owners can have their 45RFE transmission's programming flashed to enable the extra gear as both transmissions are physically the same. The 42RE 4-speed automatic remained the transmission for the Inline 6 engine. It was not changed from the previous model Grand Cherokee's.

The interior was also completely redesigned in 1999. The redesign allowed for larger rear doors, and more space for rear passengers. Controls for various items like headlights, heated seats, and rear wiper were moved to more convenient locations. The electronic Vehicle Information center was moved from below the radio to above the windshield, and was standard on all 2000 and up models. Limited models included automatic dual-zone climate control. A 10 CD-Changer was also available with the Infinity Audio package.

Models

The Laredo and luxurious Limited trim levels were standard models.

Specialty models:

* 2002–2003 — Sport
* 2002–2004 — Special Edition
* 2002–2004 — Overland
* 2003–2004 — Columbia Edition

These specialty models appeared for a brief time, The Sport was slightly more equipped than the Laredo and offered a very discrete two-tone black trim interior for style. The Special Edition was introduced offering the same quality of the Limited, differences include 4.7 L V8 engine and slightly revised, Special Edition came with premium interior details, Plush Leather seats, AM-FM, In-Dash CD/Cassette along with ten disc CD changer stowed in a well thought location in within cargo space. Special Edition Trim package from bumper to bumper was presented with a fully polished, non-textured finish. Front grille debut was standard issue on the Special Edition. The Overland (appropriated after the former Jeep parent, Willys-Overland) was the top-of-the-line alongside the Special Edition the 4.7 L High Output engine V8 initially debuted as the standard motor. Alongside a wealth of standard features such as plusher interior trim with "Overland" badging, mid-2003 came a revised strong black two-tone trim interior and Built-in GPS equipped with the model. Front and side-curtain airbags, an Infinity sound system with 10-disc changer, heated/power front seats, integrated rock rails, power sunroof, wood/leather steering wheel and 17 in alloy wheels were also standard. The Columbia Edition offered the usual features of the other specialty models besides a strong unique two-tone interior with "Columbia Sportswear" badging, with the 4.7 L H.O. engine and GPS optional.

1999–2004 4.0 L (242 CID) Power Tech I6
1999–2004 4.7 L (287 CID) PowerTech V8
2002-2004 4.7 L (287 CID) High Output PowerTech V8

[72 Virginians]

2002-2007 Liberty KJ:


The Jeep Liberty or Jeep Cherokee outside North America, is a compact SUV produced by the Jeep marque of Chrysler. It was introduced for 2002 with styling inspired by the Dakar and Jeepster concept cars. The Liberty, nominated for the North American Truck of the Year award for 2002, was intended as a replacement for the discontinued Jeep Cherokee (XJ). The Liberty is priced between the Wrangler and Grand Cherokee. It was the smallest of the 4-door Jeep SUVs up until the 4-door Compass and Patriot arrived for 2007.

70 percent of Liberty buyers are new to the Jeep marque.

It is assembled at the Toledo North Assembly factory in Toledo, Ohio.

Three trim levels were offered for the Jeep Liberty: the top end Limited, a more rugged looking Renegade, or the base Sport. All are available with either 2WD or 4WD. In 2007, the Renegade trim level was replaced with the Latitude that appears to focus on a more urban appearance.

The Liberty was the first Jeep to use two new PowerTech engines, the 150 hp 2.4 L I4, dropped in 2006, and the 210 hp 3.7 L V6. A VM Motori 2.8 L I4 common rail turbodiesel became available in CRD branded 2005-2006 Sport and Limited models. The diesel utilized a variable geometry turbocharger and generated 160 horsepower (120 kW) and 295 pound-feet of torque. The overbuilt nature of the diesel powerplant added nearly 200 pounds to the CRD's curb weight versus the gasoline model. DaimlerChrysler introduced the CRD to gauge the marketability of diesel engines in North America; diesels are already common in Europe. Jeep exceeded their expectations by selling 10,000 Liberty CRD models in the first calendar year of sales.

Only available in 2005 and 2006 for the Sport and Limited models, the 2.8L VM Motori CRD has since been discontinued due to stricter 2007 United States diesel emission standards. Maine, Vermont, Massachusetts, New York, and California had already banned sale of the vehicle due to their rigid state emissions regulations. A 3.0L CRD engine, based on a Mercedes-Benz BlueTec design, is still in production for the Jeep Grand Cherokee.

The Liberty was not the first Jeep vehicle to use an independent front suspension, as the Jeep Wagoneer first used it in the 1960s. The Jeep Wagoneer with the independent front suspension was never put into production, due to how fast the bushings would wear out.

The Liberty is available with either a part time Command-Trac or full time Selec-Trac transfer case. The Command-Trac transfer case has four positions: 2-HI, 4-HI, Neutral, and 4-LO. The lever is placed in 2WD HI for regular driving, this allows the two rear tires to receive power. The second position, 4WD HI, is used for driving on slippery or loose pavement. This position locks both the front and rear drive shafts together splitting engine power equally between all four tires. The third position, Neutral, disengages both drive shafts from the transfer case allowing the car to roll freely; this is used for towing behind another vehicle, for example. The last position, 4WD LO is used for situations in which there is very little traction. This position, like 4WD HI locks both the front and rear drive shafts together, and by using a lower gear ratio, allows for 2.72 times more torque (however, the speed is limited to around 25 MPH max). It should be noted that using 4WD HI or LO on dry pavement is hazardous to vehicle components, through drive line binding and wheel-hop.

The Selec-Trac transfer case has five positions: 2-HI, 4-HI Part-Time, 4-HI Full-Time, Neutral, and 4-LO. This transfer case is different from the Command-Trac transfer only in the extra 4WD HI Full-Time position. The 4WD HI Full-Time position adds the same traction benefits that the part-time 4WD setting offers, but features an open differential between the front and rear axles to allow the two axles to spin at independent speeds and eliminate drive line binding and wheel-hop. This position gives the rear wheels 60% of the engine's power and the front wheels 40% of the engine's power. The division of power and open center differential allows the Selec-Trac transfer case to be theoretically operated at all times in an "All Wheel Drive" mode with no adverse effects.

[72 Virginians]

2005- Grand Cherokee WK:


The all-new WK Grand Cherokee debuted in 2004 for the 2005 model year. Features available for the first time in a Jeep included Quadra-Drive II four-wheel drive, rear-seat DVD player and optional 5.7L Hemi V-8.

The design still emphasizes power and luxury, with significant work done on improving noise, vibration, and harshness (NVH). However, for the first time, Jeep also emphasized on-road performance to a similar extent as the cornerstone of its brand, off-road capability.

This newfound emphasis on on-road refinement led Jeep to replace the live-axle with leading-arms front suspension (found in the ZJ and WJ) with a new design: an independent double-wishbone setup like that which debuted in the 2002 Liberty. The new Jeep changed its philosophy due to what it perceived as increasing demand in the SUV marketplace for on-road performance and decreasing demand for off-road capability, and though the new design is perceived to be more smooth over washboard-types of roads, the new front suspension was criticized by off-roading Jeep community for its inability to provide optimal axle articulation during low-speed, technical maneuvers, specifically over uneven terrain.

The 2007 Jeep Grand Cherokee made its European debut at the Euro Camp Jeep held in Ardèche, France.
2008 Jeep Grand Cherokee

The Grand Cherokee received a minor facelift for 2008. The bottom part of the headlights became rounded, and the lower portion of the front bumper became removable to increase the approach angle for off-road use.

The 2009 Jeep Grand Cherokee is available with an improved 5.7-liter HEMI rated at 357 horsepower (266 kW) and 389 lb.-ft. (527 N•m) of torque. The engine uses variable valve timing to increase fuel economy.

SRT-8
Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8

An SRT-8 (Street and Racing Technology V8) version of the Grand Cherokee debuted at the 2005 New York International Auto Show. Powered by a 420 hp (313 kW) version of the 6.1 L Hemi, it also features upgraded Brembo brakes, large dual performance exhaust with polished tips (exiting out the middle of the rear), Bilstein performance gas charged shocks and modified suspension components, Mercedes-Benz NAG1 (WA580) 5-speed transmission, unique NV146 transfer case, specially designed electronic all-wheel-drive system and interior and exterior updates. A drive shaft from a diesel application, fortified Dana 44 rear differential, and 12" wide Goodyear tires in the rear (11" in the front) complement the performance package. The sports tuned suspension allows the Jeep SRT8 to hold 0.92g on the skid-pad, putting the 5,000lb truck on par with the Porsche 911 Turbo (997), which holds just 0.04g more (0.96g) on the skid-pad. It has a base MSRP of $43,280.00 USD. Loaded with every available factory option the cost rises to just under $50,000. A road test of the 2006 model by Road & Track magazine proved that the stock SRT8 is "focused 100 percent on performance; road performance, that is” with "sports car" performance numbers, including 0 to 60 mph in 4.6 seconds and to the quarter mile dragstrip in 13.2 seconds at 104.1 miles per hour (167.5 km/h). Such numbers made the SRT-8 Grand Cherokee the fastest accelerating vehicle within the SRT8 lineup (which at the time included the Dodge Magnum, Dodge Charger, and Chrysler 300C), and second only to the Viper among all Daimler-Chrysler SRT vehicles. There is no electronic speed governor employed, leaving the top speed rev-limited (revving to redline in top gear) to just shy of 170 MPH.[8]

To achieve superior on-road handling, off-road gear has been removed to make the SRT-8 lighter. The SRT-8 has no low range case and no limited slip or locking differentials. Its ride stance is significantly lower and the front fascia spoiler gives the vehicle 7 inches (178 mm) of ground clearance. The Grand Cherokee SRT-8 was the first SRT vehicle to wear the Jeep emblem.

The 2009 Jeep Grand Cherokee SRT8 is equipped with a reconfigurable display that displays performance information including longitudinal and lateral g-force, 0-60 mph acceleration time, 1/8-mile and 1/4-mile acceleration time, and speed and braking distance

In Europe, South America and Australia, a V6 CRD engine was available from introduction in 2005:

OM642 3.0 L CRD V6 Turbo Diesel with Variable geometry turbocharger (VGT). It produces 218 horsepower (163 kW/221 PS) and 376 lb·ft (510 N·m) of torque at 1,600 to 2,800 RPM.

In North America and elsewhere this BlueTec 3.0 L V6 CRD became available since 2007. It includes a diesel particulate filter to reduce exhaust emissions.

This engine is also used in the Mercedes-Benz ML320.

[72 Virginians]

2006-2009 Commander XK:


The Jeep Commander (XK) is a mid-sized SUV introduced in 2006. It was first introduced at the 2005 New York Auto Show. It is a 7-passenger SUV and is just 2 inches longer than the Jeep Grand Cherokee. It has much more boxy styling, with an upright windshield and squared-off sides. The roof is stepped for the second and third-row seats (which are mounted higher than the first-row seats), but is disguised, as on the GMC Envoy XL, by a roof rack. It also features three moonroofs called "Command View™".

Jeep is the fourth company to produce a vehicle called the Commander, after the Studebaker Commander, the Scammell Commander, and the Norton Commander motorcycle.

Supposedly, the Jeep Wagoneer was the Commander's initial inspiration, this may be evident as its exterior resembles the styling. Although its design is very square-like, the Commander's basic platform is based on the third generation Grand Cherokee.

The Commander offers a base V6 engine with two optional V8s including the new Hemi:

* 3.7 L PowerTech V6
* 4.7 L PowerTech V8
* 5.7 L Hemi V8

[72 Virginians]

2007- Patriot MK:


The Jeep Patriot (MK74) is a cross-over vehicle introduced in early 2007 for the 2007 model year by the Jeep marque of Chrysler. It debuted publicly in April 2006 at the New York Auto Show. It slots between the Compass and Liberty in the Jeep lineup with pricing starting from $17,065 USD, making it the least-expensive sport utility vehicle in North America, which broke the record from the Jeep Liberty's price tag in a previous model year.

The Patriot and Compass are both based on the DaimlerChrysler/GS platform. These vehicles are differentiated by their styling and marketing: The Patriot is a traditional four-door Jeep wagon, similar to the Cherokee, which was discontinued in the U.S. in 2001, while the Jeep Compass is intended as a sporty crossover, but with more capacity to handle rough roads and poor weather than competitors like the Pontiac Vibe. The Dodge Caliber, also based on the GS platform, is a more direct competitor to the Pontiac Vibe and Toyota Matrix, and is more like a small hatchback than either of the Jeeps. The Patriot is manufactured at DaimlerChrysler's Belvidere, Illinois assembly plant alongside the Dodge Caliber and Compass.

The Patriot uses a four-cylinder 2.4 L GEMA gasoline I4 engine and also has a 2.0 L Volkswagen-designed diesel engine for the European and Australian markets. The base car features front-wheel drive, but a choice of two electronically-controlled four-wheel drive systems is optional. One, the Freedom Drive I, is a full-time system for on-road use. Freedom Drive II is made for off-road use with variable torque between speeds of 25 and 65 mph for optimal handling. The 2.0 L GEMA I4 is an option for the 4X2 model Patriot.

The Freedom Drive II-equipped Patriot uses a continuously variable transmission with a low range instead of a traditional two-speed transfer case, but has Jeep's "Trail Rated" badging, signifying that it "has been designed to perform in five categories of off-road conditions: traction, ground clearance, maneuverability, articulation, and water fording." The Freedom Drive II Patriot is among the most offroad-capable vehicles in its class, thanks in part to the presence of the off-road Brake Traction Control which is not available with Freedom Drive I. This allows the vehicle to maintain forward motion if one or two wheels loose traction by selectively applying brakes to the spinning wheels. This is a major improvement over a conventional AWD system in which a loss of traction in one front and one rear wheel at the same time would leave the vehicle stuck.

2007- Compass MK:


The Jeep Compass (MK49) is a compact crossover SUV introduced for the 2007 model year. Jeep made its public debut of the Compass at the 2006 North American International Auto Show in January. The Jeep Compass, along with the Patriot both slot below the Jeep Wrangler as Jeep's entry-level sport utility vehicles, and is one of Jeep's first crossover SUVs. The Compass has a base price of $15,985 in the United States market. The first Compass was produced on May 30, 2006.

The Compass and Patriot are both based on the DaimlerChrysler/Mitsubishi GS platform. These vehicles are differentiated by their styling and marketing: The Patriot is a traditional 4-door Jeep wagon, while the Compass is intended as a sporty "hot hatch" crossover like the Toyota Matrix. The Dodge Caliber, also based on the GS platform, is a combination of these two segments.

It uses a 172 hp (128 kW) 2.4 L GEMA I4 gasoline engine and will also get a 2.0 litre Volkswagen-designed diesel engine for the European and Australian markets. The 2.0 litre GEMA engine is available on the 4X2 Sport model. The 2.0 diesel from Volkswagen is the same as used in the Volkswagen Passat. The car also features an electronically-controlled all wheel drive system with variable torque between speeds of 25 mph (40 km/h) and 65 mph (105 km/h) for optimal handling. However, the base model version has only FWD, a first for any Jeep. The Compass will be the first Jeep offered in many years that isn't badged as "Trail Rated". This indicates that the Compass has not passed the same testing of off-road ability as other Jeep vehicles in terms of traction, ground clearance, maneuverability, articulation, and water fording. Even though Chrysler has released a high-performance 2008 SRT4 version of the Dodge Caliber, as of the 2008 model year, there is little chance that a SRT Group (Street and Racing Technology)edition of the Compass will be released.

The Compass is assembled in Belvidere, Illinois, where the Chrysler Neon was produced.

[72 Virginians]

2007- Wrangler JK:




The 2007 model year brought the complete redesign of the Jeep Wrangler, in both two and four-door models. The TJ platform was replaced by a new JK platform. This next-generation Wrangler was significantly larger than the existing model, with a 2 inch (50.8 mm) longer wheelbase and 3.4 inch (86.4 mm) wider track, though the two door model is actually 2.5 inches shorter in the overall length than the TJ, allowing for better approach and departure angles. With a larger available standard tire size of 32 in, breakover angle is unchanged.

Some Wrangler enthusiasts decried this new vehicle's larger size, claiming that it runs counter to the character of the Wrangler, and is too big to be an effective off-road vehicle.[1] Similar complaints were expressed during previous redesigns. Jeep reportedly sought to cement the Wrangler's position as the marque's most-rugged vehicle as new car-based crossover SUVs took some of Jeep's on-road market share.

JK was introduced at the 2006 North American International Auto Show with past Chrysler group CEO Tom LaSorda driving one up some steps and through a plate glass window, just as Robert Lutz had done at the show in 1992 with the Jeep Grand Cherokee. The JK was first available for purchase with the 2007 model year.
2007 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited hard top

The JK Wrangler is offered in two versions:

* A short-wheelbase 2-door, in X, Sahara and Rubicon trim levels.
* A long-wheelbase Unlimited 4-door, also in X, Sahara and Rubicon trim levels.

The Wrangler X is available with factory installed right-hand drive. This model is targeted at mail carriers who need a vehicle that allows them to get out of their vehicle without the risk of getting hit by traffic. For the 2007 and 2008 model years, the short-wheelbase Wrangler was the right-hand drive Jeep. For the 2009 model year, the right-hand drive Wrangler will be replaced by the right-hand drive Wrangler Unlimited.

A 3.8 L EGH V6 with a displacement of 230.5 cubic inches (3778 cc)[2], producing 205 hp (153 kW) and 240 ft·lbf (325 N·m) is the base engine, replacing the venerable AMC 242 straight-6. The 2.8 L VM Motori turbodiesel straight-4 used in the Liberty is offered as options outside of U.S, as it does not satisfy U.S. emission control standards for 2007.

A six-speed manual transmission is standard, with a four-speed automatic transmission offered as an option. The lower two levels have the Jeep Command-Trac NV241 part-time two-speed transfer case with an optional Trac-Loc limited-slip differential, while the Rubicon uses a Rock-Trac version of the NV241 with a 4:1 low range. Electronic locking front- and rear-axles called Tru-loc are also standard on Rubicon models. (rear locker optional on X models)

Stability control is a new safety feature for the JK Wrangler. All versions offer off-road tuned Anti-lock braking system and traction control system with electronic limited slip differential. Standard on the Rubicon trim is a new electronic sway bar disconnect system.

The JK runs almost all vehicle functions other than steering under computer software control. Engine, transmission, and to some extent braking are computer controlled, as are lights and auxiliary systems. This is a first for the Wrangler. As of mid-2007, there have been three safety recalls for software fixes.[2]

A Sunrider convertible soft top is standard equipment. Also available on the JK model is an optional 3-piece modular hardtop. Although the doors can still be removed in traditional Wrangler fashion, power windows and remote power door locks will be offered for the first time in a Wrangler. Another first is an available navigation system. This is the first generation of the Jeep Wrangler to have a change in the tail lamps.

The 2009 model added standard Hill Start Assist (HSA) to prevent rollback on graded surfaces. Trailer Sway Control (TSC) also is available to monitor vehicle movement relative to the intended path and activates the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) if the trailer begins to sway outside set parameters. Additionally, ULEV II emissions replace LEV II emissions on manual transmission equipped vehicles.[3]

TRIM

Both Standard and Unlimited Wranglers are available in three trim packages. Each package can be ordered with either hard or soft top, full or half doors(08 unlimited only).

The X model is the "bare bones" wrangler that can be customized to a buyers specifications adding such options as air conditioning, power windows and locks soft or hard top, fog lights, 32" tires, rear LSD or locker, electronic swaybar disconnect, and other accessories.

The Sahara model is the "luxury" model offering accessories such as body colored fenders, built in navigation, "Yes Essentials" seats, power windows and locks, a 7 speaker infinity sound system with subwoofer, among others.

The Rubicon package is the dedicated "Offroad" package. Standard components of the rubicon package include Front and rear Dana 44 axles, front and rear electronic lockers, rock rails, Electronic sway bar disconnect, 32 spline axles, 4:1 Rock-Trac transfer case, 4.10 axle gearing,"Yes Essentials" seats, 7 speaker infinity sound system, and any other available option can be added.

[edit] JK Wrangler Unlimited
2008 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Rubicon hardtop from the Washington Auto Show
2008 Jeep Wrangler Unlimited Sahara

The JK series 2007 Wrangler Unlimited was unveiled at the New York Auto Show on April 12, 2006. It is stretched even more than the TJ model, with four doors and 20.6 inches (523 mm) added to the JK Wrangler's 95.4 inch (2423 mm) wheelbase. It is priced near $21,000.

Unlimited has the same engine and transmission choices as a short-wheelbase JK. X and Sahara trims offer an option of 2x4 rear wheel drive. It is the only four door convertible available in the U.S., since the Hummer H1 with optional rag-top is no longer sold as a civilian vehicle.

The Unlimited offers more options and equipment than any previous Wrangler model, including standard electronic stability program and optional seat-mounted side airbags, remote keyless entry, navigation system, and Sirius satellite radio.[4] The navigation and satellite systems are a part of the MyGig Entertainment system that also has a hard drive allowing for the storage of MP3 music files and pictures.

On September 13, 2007, at the Defence Systems & Equipment International trade show, Chrysler LLC unveiled a Wrangler Unlimited version designed for military use dubbed the J8. The unarmored Jeep J8 is equipped with larger brakes, axles and suspension components than the civilian version and has a payload capacity of 1,339 kg (2,952 lb). The J8 also differs from the civilian model by utilizing heavy-duty rear leaf springs for carrying heavier payloads. The Jeep J8 is powered by a 2.8-litre four-cylinder turbo-diesel engine that produces 118 kW (158 hp) and 400 N·m (295 lbf·ft) of torque, providing towing capability of up to 3,500 kg (7,700 lb). The engine is mated to a five-speed automatic transmission. The J8 also features a unique air-intake system with special filtration and a hood-mounted snorkel that enables the J8 to wade in water up to 762 mm (30 in) deep and tackle sandstorm conditions for up to five hours. Available as a two-door with an extended pickup bed for personnel or equipment transport, or a four-door multipurpose vehicle, it may be produced with numerous vehicle-body and seating configurations in either right-hand- or left-hand-drive. Targeted for use by the militaries in overseas markets, the J8 is not available in the United States because it will not meet U.S. emissions requirements. The J8 will be produced in Egypt.

The 2009 model added standard Hill Start Assist (HSA) to prevent rollback on graded surfaces. Trailer Sway Control (TSC) also is available to monitor vehicle movement relative to the intended path and activates the Electronic Stability Program (ESP) if the trailer begins to sway outside set parameters. Additionally, ULEV II emissions replace LEV II emissions on manual transmission equipped vehicles.

[72 Virginians]

2008- Liberty KK:


The Jeep Liberty received a complete redesign for the 2008 model year with a more boxy and off-road look, like that of the 2007 Dodge Nitro, which is built on the same platform [6], while the Nitro is not offered with low-range gearing). The 2008 Liberty debuted at the 2007 New York International Auto Show.[7]

The Liberty has dropped its four-cylinder option because of the Patriot and Compass crossover SUVs taking its place as Jeep's four-cylinder vehicles. The iron-block, aluminum-head V6 is the only engine for 2008. Towing capacity is 5,000 pounds (2,268 kg). For now, there is no diesel model for the U.S. Jeep stopped building the Liberty CRD for the American market because it could not meet tougher 2007 emissions standards. Transmission choices are both carry-overs: a six-speed manual or a four-speed automatic. Standard equipment includes electronic stability control with roll mitigation, traction control, and anti-lock brakes with brake assist. New Features include standard side airbags. Optional features are rain-sensing wipers, Sirius Satellite Radio, Bluetooth, a navigation system, and the MyGig entertainment system, complete with a 30GB hard drive.

Two models will be offered at rollout: Sport and Limited. Wheel choices are 16-, 17- and 18-inch (460 mm). Among the more distinctive features is the Sky Slider, a power roof made from “reinforced acrylic cloth” that opens over the front and rear seats. The Sky Slider opens up to 60 inches (1,500 mm) by 30 inches (760 mm), which is the largest opening in its class. Jeep claims that the idea behind the Sky Slider was to give consumers the open-air feeling from previous Jeep models while maintaining the rigidity and safety of a sturdy frame.[8]

The 2009 Liberty is relatively unchanged from the 2008 models with the exception of stiffer rear axle shafts and retuned springs, shocks, anti-roll bars, steering gear valve, low rollback brake calipers and a revised brake pedal ratio. Also the six-speed manual transmission is no longer available. The four speed automatic as now standard